|
Hardial Bains (15 August 1939 – 24 August 1997) was a microbiology student and teacher, primarily known as the founder of a series of left-wing movements and parties foremost of which was the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist). Presenting himself as staunchly anti-revisionist and pro-Stalinist, Bains acted the spokesperson and ideological leader of the CPC (ML) -- know in elections as the Marxist-Leninist Party of Canada -- until his death. During his life, Bains was active in Britain, Ireland, India and Canada. == Life == Born in India into a communist family in the Punjab, Bains became a member of the youth wing of the Communist Party of India (CPI). He was dismayed by what he saw as the revisionism of Nikita Khrushchev following the death of Joseph Stalin. He apparently broke with the party when CPI, during an underground period, supported Khrushchev's criticisms of Stalin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Modern Communism and the Political Legacy of Hardial Bains - Part 6: The Events of 1989-91 )〕Shortly after, Bains emigrated to Canada and enrolled as a student in Bacteriology at the University of British Columbia, where he was an elected student leader. In 1963, he helped found ''the Internationalists'', which evolved from a UBC political discussion group into an anti-revisionist organization that supported Mao Zedong's Communist Party of China in the Sino-Soviet split. This organisation (in Canada) ultimately became the Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist) (CPC (ML)), with Bains as its founding leader.〔〔Isitt, Benjamin. ''Militant minority: British Columbia workers and the rise of a New Left, 1948-1972'' University of Toronto Press, 2011 ISBN 1-4426-1105-7, (p.123).〕 In 1967, Bains held a conference in London to determine the future of the anti-revisionist movement, the "Necessity for Change" conference. The Irish Communist Organisation disagreed with the other delegates and walked out of the meeting.〔Red Patriot magazine (Ireland), July 19th, 1975.〕 Bains was a leader of the anti-revisionist movement internationally,〔 and assisted in establishing Marxist-Leninist parties around the world, such as the Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist-Leninist), the Communist Party of Trinidad and Tobago, the Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist-Leninist), and the Communist Ghadar Party of India. Bains was also responsible for the founding of the Hindustani Ghadar Party (Organisation of Indian Marxist-Leninists Abroad). He held a leading influence in the Marxist-Leninist Party, USA in the 1970s. (This party was dissolved in 1993.) ''Modern Communism'' has written articles on his Marxist-Leninist legacy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Modern Communism and the Political Legacy of Hardial Bains )〕 Many of these parties held a "Maoist" position in the 1960s and 1970s, and Bains was often identified as a Maoist. However, following Mao Zedong's death in 1976, Maoism was rejected, particularly through the experience of the Sino-Albanian split. Following the leadership of Enver Hoxha and the Albanian Party of Labour, Bains' anti-revisionism deepened in the sense of opposition both to the European revisionism (Khrushchev, Josip Broz Tito and Eurocommunism) and to the Chinese revisionism. A memorial was erected in the honour of Bains and other CPC-ML "fallen comrades" in Ottawa's Beechwood Cemetery which is also the national cemetery of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Poet George Elliot Clarke published a poem titled "(Homage to Hardial Bains )" in 2000 in the ''Oyster Boy Review''. Bains was attacked posthumously by Ben Seattle in an article on Leninism.org entitled ''In memory of a charlatan''. Bains wrote several books, including ''Necessity for Change!'', ''Modern Communism'', ''Visiting Cuba'', ''If You Love Your Class'' and ''Thinking About the Sixties'', and many articles, pamphlets and speeches. Sandra L. Smith, his widow, also served as leader of the CPC (ML).〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Sandra L. Smith - First Secretary of the Central Committee - )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hardial Bains」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|